Every year, millions of tons of industrial and mining by-products accumulate, while traditional construction materials like cement remain one of the largest contributors to global CO2 emissions.

• Fly Ash: Around 130 million tons of fly ash are produced annually worldwide as a by-product of coal combustion in power plants.
• Plastics: Plastic is the world’s largest type of pollution with over 360 million tons produced annually, threatening ecosystems at an unprecedented scale.
• Mining By-Products: Globally, mining produces over 160 billion tons of waste annually with up to 70% of mining sites contributing to water pollution
• Metal Slag: Steel production is the largest contributor to metal slag generation, with roughly 10-15% of every ton of steel produced resulting in slag.